Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenza iphepha "i-pulping - papermaking - ukugqiba", umcolisi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esimisela ukusebenza kwefiber kunye nomgangatho wephepha. Ngokusebenzisa umzimba, iikhemikhali, okanye izenzo ezidityanisiweyo zoomatshini kunye neekhemikhali, iyasikwa, i-fibrillates, i-帚化 (i-fibrillation), kwaye icokise imicu ye-pulp, eyenza ukuba imicu ekhululekileyo yasekuqaleni yenze amandla okuqinisa amandla, kwaye ekugqibeleni inike iphepha elinomsebenzi ongundoqo njengamandla, ukufana, kunye ne-inki absorbency. Ukususela kwii-mills zamatye zendabuko ukuya kwizixhobo ezihlakaniphile zanamhlanje, itekhnoloji iteration yabacokisi isoloko igxininise kwimigaqo emithathu engundoqo "yokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuchaneka, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla", ibe yinkxaso ebalulekileyo yokuphucula imboni yephepha.

I. Imisebenzi enguNdoqo kunye noMgaqo wokuSebenza wabaCoci

Undoqo womsebenzi womcoci kukuphucula i-fiber morphology, kwaye umgaqo wayo wokusebenza unokushwankathelwa “njengotshintsho lwefayibha phantsi kwesenzo soomatshini”:

• Umgaqo osisiseko: Xa i-pulp idlula phakathi kweediski zomcoci (okanye imiqulu), ixhomekeke kumandla omatshini adityanisiweyo njengokucheba, ukukhupha, kunye nokuxova. Iindonga zeeseli zefiber ziyakrazuka zenze i-microfibrils, kwaye umphezulu uvelisa isakhiwo esixineneyo. Kwangaxeshanye, iintsinga ezinde ngokugqithisileyo zisikwe ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuhanjiswa kobude befiber ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokwenza iphepha.
• Imisebenzi enguNdoqo: Okokuqala, phucula amandla okubopha ifayibha ukwenza iphepha libe namandla okwaneleyo okuzibamba, amandla okukrazula, kunye namandla agqabhukileyo; okwesibini, ukuqinisa ukufana kwefayibha interweaving ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kwephepha kunye nokuba mcaba; okwesithathu, ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zeentlobo zephepha ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nephepha lenkcubeko elifuna iintsinga ezintle ukuphucula ukuprinta, kunye nephepha lokupakisha elifuna iintsinga ezishinyeneyo nezinde ukomeleza ukuqina.

II. Iindidi eziphambili kunye neempawu zobuGcisa zabacokisi

Ngokoyilo lolwakhiwo, indlela yokusebenza, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa, abacoci abaqhelekileyo kwishishini lokwenza iphepha bahlulwe kakhulu ngokwezi ndidi ezine zilandelayo, nganye inengqwalasela yayo yobuchwephesha kunye nobubanzi besicelo:

1. Isicoci seDiskhi

• Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo: Ifakwe kwi-disc esisigxina (i-stationary disc) kunye ne-disc ejikelezayo (i-disc ejikelezayo). Umphezulu we-disc usasazwa kunye neendawo zokusila zeemilo zezinyo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-serrated, trapezoidal, spiral), kunye nokuqina kokucoca kulawulwa ngokulungelelanisa i-disc gap.
• Izinto eziluncedo kwezobuGcisa: Ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukuguqulwa kwefayibha efanayo. Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neepulps ezahlukeneyo (i-pulp yomthi, i-straw pulp, i-pulp ye-waste paper) ngokutshintshela iimilo zezinyo le-disc, iyenze ibe sesona sixhobo sisetyenziswa kakhulu sokusulungekisa esigquma iphepha lenkcubeko, iphepha lokupakisha, iphepha langasese, kunye nezinye iindidi zephepha.
• Iintlobo ezincinci: Ukucoca i-disc enye (esebenza kwelinye icala le-disc), i-disc ephindwe kabini (esebenza kumacala omabini e-disc ngaxeshanye), i-disc-disc yokucocwa (i-disc stationary ephakathi + iidiski ezimbini ezijikelezayo, ukusebenza okuphezulu).

2. IConical Refiner

• Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo: Yamkela indibaniselwano ye-conical stator kunye ne-rotor. Intlama iqhubeleka phambili ecaleni komsantsa wekhonikhoni, iphantsi kokuchetywa okuthe gqolo kunye nokukhutshwa. Ubunzulu bokucoca bunokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokulungelelanisa i-gap conical.
• Izinto eziluncedo kwezobuGcisa: Ukusika i-fiber encinci, i-fibrillation effect efanelekileyo, ifanelekile kwiintlobo zephepha ezifuna ukugcinwa kobude obuphezulu (njengephepha le-kraft, i-linerboard). Ikwanayo nozinzo olomeleleyo lokusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, okuqhelekileyo okusetyenziselwa ukucokisa i-pulp yephepha lenkunkuma okanye ukulungiswa kakuhle kwe-pulp ephezulu.

3. Isisulungi seCylindrical

• Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo: Yenziwe nge-cylindrical rolling roll kunye ne-arc-shaped grinding plate. Umphezulu wokusila uxhotyiswe ngamazinyo anqamlezayo okanye ajikelezayo. Ukujikeleza komqulu wokugaya kuqhuba ukuhamba kwe-pulp kwaye kugqibe inkqubo yokucoca.
• Izinto eziluncedo kwezobuGcisa: Ukunyamezela okuphezulu kukungcola (okufana neenkozo zesanti, iziqwenga zeplastiki) kwi-pulp, akulula ukuvala. Ilungele ukusila ngokurhabaxa kwenkunkuma yephepha okanye ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwemathiriyeli ekrwada yefiber ekrwada efana nentlaka yeendiza, ehlala isetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokusulungekiswa komphambili wemigca yokuvelisa.

4. Isisulungeki-sokuGqibeleka

• Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo: Ifanelekile kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-pulp (15% -40%). Isebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokutyisa (esifana ne-screw feeder) ukuqinisekisa ukungena kwe-pulp efanayo kwindawo yokusila. Ubume bezinyo le-disc ubukhulu becala bubanzi-izinyo kunye noyilo lwesithuba esikhulu sokuphucula ifuthe lokuxova ifayibha.
• Izinto eziluncedo kwezobuGcisa: Idigri yefiber fibrillation ephezulu, amandla okuqina okuqina, anokuphucula kakhulu amandla ephepha. Kwiindawo eziphezulu zokuhambelana, ukusika i-fiber kuncinci kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphantsi. Ilungele ukucocwa kakuhle kweentlobo zephepha eliphezulu (ezifana nephepha eligqunyiweyo, iphepha elikhethekileyo) okanye i-pulp processing efuna i-fiber bonding ephezulu.

III. IiParameters eziPhambili zobuGcisa kunye neMigaqo yokuKhetha yabaQinisekisi

1. IiParameters ezingundoqo zobuGcisa

• Ukucokisa Ukungaguquguquki: Ukwahlula kwi-consistency ephantsi (≤8%), ukuhambelana okuphakathi (8% -15%), kunye nokuhambelana okuphezulu (≥15%). Ukuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo kukuchaphazela ukusulungekiswa kokusebenza kakuhle kunye ne-fiber morphology, efana ne-high-consistency refining egxininise kwi-fibrillation kunye ne-low-consistency refining egxile ekusikeni.
• Isikhewu seDiskhi: Iparamitha engundoqo emisela ubunzulu bokucokisa. Okukhona umsantsa usiba mncinci, kokukhona uphezulu ubunzulu bokucoca. Idinga ukulungiswa ngamandla ngokweemfuno zohlobo lwephepha kunye neempawu ze-pulp (ngokuqhelekileyo zilawulwa kwi-0.1-1.0mm).
• Imilo yezinyo leDisc kunye nobubanzi bezinyo: Ubume bezinyo buchaphazela indlela i-fibers egxininiswe ngayo (i-shear-type yezinyo imilo ifanelekile ukusika, ukuxova-uhlobo lwezinyo lokuxova lufanelekile kwi-fibrillation). Ububanzi bezinyo bumisela indawo yoqhagamshelwano yendawo yokusila, efuna ukufanisa uhlobo lwe-pulp kunye nethagethi yokucoca.
• Amandla eMoto kunye nesantya sokujikeleza: Amandla amisela amandla okucoca (ngokuqhelekileyo i-55-1000kW), kunye nesantya sokujikeleza sichaphazela i-disc linear speed (ngokubanzi 1500-3000r / min). Isantya esiphezulu somgca sithetha amandla aqinileyo okucheba, alungele iimfuno zokusulungekiswa komgangatho ophezulu.
• Umthamo: Ikhethwe ngokomlinganiselo womgca wemveliso. Umthamo wesixhobo esinye ngokuqhelekileyo si-5-100t / d, kwaye imigca yemveliso emikhulu inokuthatha uchungechunge lweeyunithi ezininzi okanye uqwalaselo oluhambelanayo.

2. Imigaqo yoKhetho olungundoqo

• Ukulungelelanisa kwiiMfuno zoHlobo lwePhepha: Kwiphepha lokupakisha lamandla aphezulu, ingqwalaselo ephambili inikezelwa kwii-high-consistency refiners okanye i-conical refiners; iphepha lenkcubeko elicokisekileyo, abacokisi bediskhi kabini okanye abacokisi bediski ezintathu banokukhethwa; ukwenzela ukusetyenzwa kwe-pulp yenkunkuma yephepha, izisulu ze-cylindrical okanye izicoci zediskhi ezinganyangekiyo zikhethwayo.
• Tshatisa iimpawu zePulp: I-pulp yokhuni inemicu emide, ngoko ke kugxininise kwi-fibrillation, kunye ne-high-consistency refiners okanye i-conical refiners iyakhethwa; I-pulp ye-straw inemicu emifutshane, ngoko ke iqondo lokusika lifuna ukulawulwa, kunye nabacoci be-disc-consistency-low-consistency banokukhetha; I-pulp ye-waste paper iqulethe izinto ezininzi ezingcolileyo, ngoko ke izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukuvala kufuneka zikhethwe.
• UkuSebenza ngokuFanelekileyo kunye nokuSetyenziswa kwamandla: Idityaniswe neemfuno zomthamo wemveliso, khetha izixhobo kunye neyunithi ephantsi yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucoca. Ngokomzekelo, imigca yemveliso emikhulu ingasebenzisa ii-triple-disc refiners, kunye nemigca yokuvelisa encinci kunye nephakathi ingasebenzisa izisulu zediski enye okanye i-double-disc refiners.
• Qwalasela Ukuba Nobulumko Bubhetyebhetye: Abasulungeki banamhlanje baxhotyiswe kakhulu ngeenkqubo zolawulo lwe-PLC, ezinokuqonda ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani lwenkqubo yokusulungekiswa (njengobude befiber, ukuqina kwepulp, imeko yokunxiba idiskhi) kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo oluvaliweyo. Xa ukhetha, kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa inqanaba lobukrelekrele bomgca wemveliso kwaye unike kuqala izixhobo ezinokuthungelwa kwaye kulula ukuzigcina.

IV. Iindlela zoPhuhliso lwezobuGcisa zabacokisi

Ngotshintsho lweshishini lokwenza iphepha ukuya “kwikhabhoni ephantsi eluhlaza, ubukrelekrele bokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu”, itekhnoloji yokucokisa ibonelela ngemikhombandlela emithathu yophuhliso:

• Uphuculo olukrelekrele: Hlanganisa i-sensors, i-Intanethi yeZinto, kunye neteknoloji ye-AI ukuqaphela ukujonga kwangexesha lokwenyani kwenkqubo yokucoca kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo oluvaliweyo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuzinza.
• UPhuculo Lokonga Amandla: Lungiselela uyilo lwesakhiwo sediski (njengemilo yezinyo le-bionic), yamkele iimotor ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye netekhnoloji yokulawula isantya sokuguqula isantya ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okucokisa iyunithi. Abanye abacoci bodidi olutsha banciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-15% -30% xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zemveli.
• Ukudityaniswa kwemisebenzi emininzi: Ukuphuhlisa izixhobo ezidibeneyo "zokucoca - ukuhlolwa - ukuhlanjululwa" ukunciphisa iinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo zomgangatho womgangatho; kujoliswe kwiimfuno zephepha elikhethekileyo, ukuphuhlisa izisulungeki ezikhethekileyo (ezifana nezisulungesi zefiber ze-ultra-fine, izicoci ze-bio-mechanical pulp ezikhethekileyo) ukwandisa iimeko zesicelo.

Njengoko "umlo ongundoqo" wemveliso yokwenza iphepha, inqanaba lobugcisa labacoci linxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nomgangatho wephepha, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo. Kumxholo weshishini lokwenza iphepha elilandela uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu, ukukhetha iintlobo ezifanelekileyo zokucoca, ukukhulisa iiparamitha eziphambili zobugcisa, kunye nokuhambisana neendlela zophuhliso lwengqondo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kuya kuba sisiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo kumashishini ukunyusa ukhuphiswano lwawo olungundoqo.