Iifelti zomatshini wephepha zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenza iphepha, zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wephepha, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezahlukeneyo—ezifana nendawo yazo kumatshini wephepha, indlela yokuluka, ulwakhiwo lwelaphu elisisiseko, umgangatho wephepha ofanelekileyo, kunye nomsebenzi othile—iifelti zomatshini wephepha zinokuhlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezininzi, nganye ineempawu kunye neenjongo ezizodwa.
1. Uhlu ngokweSikhundla kuMshini wePhepha
Olu lolona hlobo luphambili, olusekelwe kakhulu kwindawo apho i-felt ikhona kwinkqubo yokwenza iphepha:
- I-Wet Felt: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokucinezela, inxibelelana ngqo newebhu yephepha elimanzi elisandula ukwenziwa. Indima yayo ephambili kukucinezela amanzi aphume kwiwebhu ngokucinezela kwaye ekuqaleni igudise umphezulu wephepha.
- I-Felt ephezulu: Ibekwe ngaphezulu kwefelt emanzi, ezinye iindawo zidibana neesilinda zokomisa. Ukongeza ekuncedeni ekususeni amanzi, ikhokela ulwelwesi lwephepha, iyithambise, kwaye ikhawulezise ukoma.
- I-Dryer Felt: Igqunywe kakhulu kwiisilinda zokomisa, iyayi-ayina ize yomise iphepha emva kokulicinezela, isebenza njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokomisa.
2. Uhlu ngokweNdlela yokuLuka
Indlela yokuluka imisela ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwefelthi kunye neempawu zokusebenza:
- I-Felt elukiweyo: Yenziwe ngeentambo ezixutyiweyo zoboya kunye neefayibha ze-nylon, zilandelwa ziinkqubo zemveli ezifana nokuluka, ukugqibezela, ukulalisa, ukomisa, kunye nokuseta. Inesakhiwo esizinzileyo kunye nobomi benkonzo ende.
- I-Felt Ebotshiwe Ngenaliti: Ilaphu elingalukwanga elenziwe ngokufaka imicu kwiwebhu, ligquma iileya ezininzi, lize lisebenzise iinaliti zentsimbi ezihlabayo ukugqobhoza imicu kwiwebhu kwilaphu elisisiseko elingenasiphelo, libambe imicu. Iifelt ezibhobozwe ngenaliti zibonelela ngokuvuleka komoya okugqwesileyo kunye nokuthamba, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisetyenziswe kakhulu koomatshini bephepha banamhlanje.
3. Uhlulo ngokweSakhiwo seLaphu eliSekelwe
Ilaphu elisisiseko lixhasa isakhiwo esiphambili sefelti, kwaye uyilo lwayo luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo kunye nokuqina kwefelti:
- I-Felt yeLaphu esisiseko yomaleko omnye: Ilula kakhulu ngesakhiwo kwaye ingabizi kakhulu, ifanelekile kwizicelo ezineemfuno eziphantsi zomgangatho wephepha.
- I-Felt yeLaphu esisiseko enamaleko amabini: Yenziwe ngamalaphu amabini asezantsi naphezulu, inamandla aphezulu kunye nozinzo oluphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu kunye noxinzelelo.
- Ilaphu eliSekwe ngeLaminated Base Felt: Yahlulwe ngokwezakhiwo ezifana ne-1+1, 1+2, 2+1, kunye ne-1+1+1 ngokusekelwe kwinani kunye nohlobo lwamalaphu asisiseko alaminethiweyo. Olu hlobo ludibanisa iingenelo zeeleya ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezintsonkothileyo nezisebenza kakuhle zeenkqubo zokwenza iphepha eziphambili.
4. Uhlu ngokweBanga lePhepha eliSebenzayo
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zephepha zibeka iimfuno ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwefelt:
- Iphepha lokuPakisha eliyiFelt: Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto zokupakisha ezifana nephepha elirhabaxa kunye nebhodi yezikhongozeli. Ifuna ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo.
- Iphepha leNkcubeko eliQhelekileyo: Ifanelekile kwiiphepha ezintsha, iphepha lokubhala, kunye nephepha lokuprinta, ezifuna ukuguda okuphezulu kunye nokufana komphezulu. Ngoko ke, i-felt kufuneka ibe neempawu ezintle kakhulu zomphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha amanzi.
- Iphepha Elikhethekileyo EliyiFelt: Yenzelwe iinkqubo ezizodwa zokuvelisa amaphepha akhethekileyo (umz., iphepha lokucoca, iphepha lokukhusela ubushushu, iphepha lokuhombisa). Idla ngokufuna iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, okanye ukungena komoya okuthile.
- Iphepha leTissue Felt: Isetyenziselwa iphepha langasese, iinapkin, njl. Kufuneka ithambe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iphepha libanzi kwaye liyafunxa.
5. Uhlulo ngokwemisebenzi ethile
Kwicandelo elithile lomatshini wephepha, iifelt zahlulwe ngakumbi ziindima zazo:
- IiFelts zeCandelo leCinezela: Imizekelo iquka “i-first press top felt,” “i-first press bottom felt,” kunye “ne-vacuum press felt,” ehambelana nee-press rolls ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zenkqubo kwicandelo lokucinezela.
- IiFelts zeCandelo lokuQala: Ezifana “nokwakha i-felt” kunye “ne-felt yokudlulisa,” ezinoxanduva lokuxhasa nokuhambisa iwebhu yephepha.
- IiFelts zokulungiselelaImizekelo iquka “i-prepress top felt” kunye ne-“vacuum prepress top felt,” esetyenziselwa ukususa amanzi kunye nokubumba i-web yephepha ngaphambi kokuba ingene kwi-main press.
Ngamafutshane, iifelti zomatshini wephepha ziza ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, nganye yenzelwe iinjongo ezithile kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ukuqonda olu hlobo lokwahlulahlula kunceda abenzi bephepha ukuba bakhethe ifelti efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zemveliso, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wephepha.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-03-2025